TRASA3 Knowledge Base

Electrical Component Parameter Reference

An open technical reference for electrical component types, their applications, and selection parameters.

This material is also available in PL and RU.

Device description

Battery Management System

Electronic system for measurement, protection, balancing, and management of a battery at cell, module, and main-contactor level.

A battery management system monitors the electrical and thermal state of a battery and supports safe operation. It measures individual cell voltages, temperatures, and, depending on architecture, battery current and other parameters.

Protection functions include supervision of cell overvoltage and undervoltage, charge and discharge overcurrent, and allowable temperature limits. Balancing reduces differences between cells and may be passive or active.

The BMS calculates SoC and SoH, controls main and precharge contactors, monitors contactor feedback, and provides charge and discharge enables. In distributed systems, cell-monitoring units may communicate in a daisy chain.

Selection considers cell count, measurement range and accuracy, balancing current, temperature inputs, protection thresholds, system architecture, and control interfaces.

Components in this subcategory

This subcategory includes centralized, distributed, and master-slave BMS solutions for batteries and energy-storage systems.

Available parameters

Battery Management System

229 parameters
General6
Product Series

Commercial or technical designation of a manufacturer's product family sharing a common design and compatible characteristics.

Application

Range of tasks and systems for which the manufacturer recommends the component.

Intended Use

Primary function of the device and its intended use as defined by its design and the manufacturer's documentation.

Installation Location

Permissible installation location of the product: indoors, outdoors, in a technical area, or as part of equipment.

Installation Environment

Environmental conditions under which installation and operation of the product are permitted.

Orientation

Permissible spatial orientation of the component during installation and operation.

Dimensions3
Widthmm

External horizontal dimension of the product between its outermost lateral points.

Heightmm

External vertical dimension of the product from its lowest to its highest point.

Depthmm

External distance between the foremost and rearmost surfaces of the product.

Capacity and Layout10
Minimum Supported Battery Cell Count

Minimum number of series-connected electrochemical cells supported by the BMS.

Maximum Supported Battery Cell Count

Maximum number of series-connected electrochemical cells supported by the BMS.

Battery Temperature Sensor Input Count

Number of independent battery temperature-sensor inputs supported by the BMS.

Maximum BMS Cell Monitoring Unit Count

Maximum number of distributed cell-monitoring units supported within one BMS system.

Event Log Capacityevents

Maximum number of event records that can be stored in the product's internal log.

Ethernet Port Count

Number of integrated physical Ethernet communication ports.

RS-485 Port Count

Number of integrated physical RS-485 communication interfaces.

USB Port Count

Number of integrated physical USB ports provided by the product, including charging, data, communication or programming ports.

CAN Port Count

Number of integrated physical CAN communication interfaces.

Configurable Serial Combo Port Count

Number of physical serial ports that can be configured for more than one electrical serial standard.

Materials and Finish8
Color

Primary visually perceived colour of the product's external surface.

RAL Color

Designation of the product's primary surface colour according to the RAL colour system.

Surface Finish

Type of final surface finish of the product determining its appearance and service properties.

Surface Treatment

Technological surface treatment applied to modify its protective, mechanical, or decorative properties.

Coating Type

Type of protective, functional, or decorative coating applied to the surface.

Coating Material

Material or chemical basis of the coating applied to the surface of the product or one of its parts.

Material

Primary material from which the product is manufactured.

Material Grade

Grade, alloy, class, or technical designation of the product's primary material.

Mounting and Installation18
Battery Connector Type

Manufacturer-declared connector or connection interface used for the battery circuit.

Mounting Surface

Type of surface or supporting base to which the product may be fixed.

Number of Mounting Holes

Number of holes provided in the product for mechanical fixing.

Mounting Hole Diametermm

Diameter of the hole provided for a fixing element used when mounting the product.

DIN Rail Type

Profile type of the DIN rail installed in the product or specified for compatible mounting.

Mounting Hole Shape

Geometric shape of the hole intended for mechanical fixing of the product.

Horizontal Mounting Hole Spacingmm

Distance between the centres of mounting holes in the horizontal direction.

Vertical Mounting Hole Spacingmm

Distance between the centres of mounting holes in the vertical direction.

Mounting Pattern Widthmm

Horizontal dimension of the mounting pattern between the outermost fixing points of the product.

Mounting Pattern Heightmm

Vertical dimension of the mounting pattern between the outermost fixing points of the product.

Mounting Screw Size

Size designation of the screw, bolt, or other threaded fastener used for mounting the product.

Mounting Thread

Designation of the thread provided in the product's mounting holes or fixing elements.

Mounting Tightening TorqueNm

Tightening torque recommended or permitted for fasteners during product installation.

Fasteners Included

Indicates whether the required fasteners are included with the product.

Mounting Type

Installation arrangement permitted by the product design, such as wall-mounted, flush-mounted, floor-mounted, or another specified mounting type.

Mounting Method

Method used to mechanically secure the product to a support, surface, or load-bearing structure.

DIN Rail Mounting Supported

Indicates whether the design provides for mounting equipment on a DIN rail.

Direct Device Mounting Supported

Indicates whether equipment may be mounted directly to the mounting surface without an intermediate DIN rail.

Electrical Parameters42
Supported Battery Technologies

Rechargeable battery technologies approved by the manufacturer for use with the product.

Nominal Battery VoltageV

Nominal DC voltage of the connected battery or battery system.

Minimum Battery VoltageV

Minimum battery-system voltage permitted for manufacturer-approved operation.

Maximum Battery VoltageV

Maximum battery-system voltage permitted for manufacturer-approved operation.

Maximum Battery Discharge CurrentA

Maximum battery discharge current accepted or drawn by the product under manufacturer-declared conditions.

Maximum Battery Charging CurrentA

Maximum charging current that the integrated charger can deliver to the battery.

Protective Earth Connection Required

Indicates that connection to protective earth is required for the declared electrical safety or operating conditions.

DC System Grounding Configuration

DC-system grounding configurations for which the manufacturer declares the product suitable.

Minimum Cell Voltage Measurement RangeV

Lower limit of the manufacturer-declared individual cell-voltage measurement range.

Maximum Cell Voltage Measurement RangeV

Upper limit of the manufacturer-declared individual cell-voltage measurement range.

Cell Voltage Measurement AccuracyV

Manufacturer-declared absolute accuracy of individual cell-voltage measurement. UI may display the value in mV.

Cell Voltage Delta Alarm ThresholdV

Cell-voltage difference at which the BMS generates an imbalance warning or alarm.

Battery Cell Temperature Measurement Accuracy°C

Manufacturer-declared absolute accuracy of battery cell or module temperature measurement.

Maximum Cell Balancing CurrentA

Maximum manufacturer-declared balancing current for an individual cell-balancing channel.

Cell Balancing Start VoltageV

Cell voltage above which the balancing function may become active.

Cell Balancing Start Voltage DeltaV

Minimum cell-to-cell voltage difference required to initiate balancing.

Cell Overvoltage Protection ThresholdV

Individual cell-voltage threshold at which cell overvoltage protection is activated.

Cell Undervoltage Protection ThresholdV

Individual cell-voltage threshold at which cell undervoltage protection is activated.

Charge Overcurrent Protection ThresholdA

Battery charging-current threshold at which the BMS charge overcurrent protection activates.

Discharge Overcurrent Protection ThresholdA

Battery discharge-current threshold at which the BMS discharge overcurrent protection activates.

Charge Overtemperature Protection Threshold°C

Battery temperature threshold at which charging overtemperature protection activates.

Charge Undertemperature Protection Threshold°C

Battery temperature threshold below which charging is inhibited.

Discharge Overtemperature Protection Threshold°C

Battery temperature threshold at which discharge overtemperature protection activates.

Discharge Undertemperature Protection Threshold°C

Battery temperature threshold below which discharge is inhibited.

Precharge Timeouts

Maximum permitted duration of the precharge sequence before a fault is declared.

Supply Current Type

Type of electrical current for which the product's main supply circuit is intended.

Rated AC VoltageV

Rated RMS value of alternating voltage assigned to the product by the manufacturer.

Rated DC VoltageV

Rated direct voltage assigned to the product by the manufacturer.

Maximum Operating VoltageV

Maximum voltage at which continuous operation of the product is permitted under the conditions declared by the manufacturer.

Minimum Operating VoltageV

Minimum voltage at which the manufacturer guarantees the intended operating mode of the product.

Rated VoltageV

Voltage value assigned to the product by the manufacturer for specified application conditions and characteristics.

Rated FrequencyHz

AC frequency assigned to the product for normal operating conditions.

Conductor Connection Type

Conductor connection methods supported by the specified terminals or connection elements.

Terminal Tightening TorqueNm

Tightening torque specified by the manufacturer for a screw or bolted terminal connection.

Rated Insulation VoltageV

Voltage with reference to which the product's insulation clearances and dielectric properties are specified.

Rated Impulse Withstand VoltagekV

Peak value of an impulse voltage of specified waveform that the product insulation must withstand without breakdown.

Dielectric Test VoltageV

Test voltage applied to verify the dielectric strength of the product insulation.

Minimum Insulation ResistanceMΩ

Minimum permissible insulation resistance between the specified electrically separated parts.

Overvoltage Category

Category characterizing the expected level of impulse overvoltages at the product's point of use.

Pollution Degree

Degree of pollution of the surrounding microenvironment considered when selecting insulation distances and product characteristics.

Insulation Type

Type of electrical insulation used, considered in terms of its protective function and construction.

Electrical Protection Class

Class of protection against electric shock determined by the product design and protective connection method.

Protection and Safety27
Cell Overvoltage Protection Supported

Indicates protection based on excessive voltage of an individual battery cell.

Cell Undervoltage Protection Supported

Indicates protection based on excessive discharge or low voltage of an individual battery cell.

Charge Overcurrent Protection Supported

Indicates that the BMS protects against excessive battery charging current.

Discharge Overcurrent Protection Supported

Indicates that the BMS protects against excessive battery discharge current.

Charge Overtemperature Protection Supported

Indicates BMS protection against excessive battery temperature while charging.

Charge Undertemperature Protection Supported

Indicates BMS protection that inhibits charging when battery temperature is too low.

Discharge Overtemperature Protection Supported

Indicates BMS protection against excessive battery temperature while discharging.

Discharge Undertemperature Protection Supported

Indicates BMS protection that inhibits discharge when battery temperature is too low.

Contactor Weld Detection Supported

Indicates that a welded or mechanically stuck closed contactor can be detected by comparing command, feedback and applicable electrical measurements.

Impact EnergyJ

Mechanical impact energy that the product or enclosure can withstand in the specified test.

NEMA Enclosure Rating

Enclosure type or rating under the NEMA system characterizing the conditions and types of external influences against which protection is provided.

Ingress Protection Certified

Indicates whether the declared ingress protection of the enclosure has been verified by certification or testing.

Halogen-Free

Indicates whether the product material is classified as halogen-free according to the characteristics declared by the manufacturer.

IP Rating

Degree of enclosure protection against access to hazardous parts and ingress of solid objects and water, designated by the IP code.

IK Rating

Class of enclosure resistance to external mechanical impacts designated by the IK code.

Protection Against Direct Contact

Method or level of protection of the user against direct contact with hazardous live parts.

Finger-Safe

Indicates whether the design prevents finger access to hazardous live parts in the intended condition.

Touch-Safe

Indicates whether the design provides protection against accidental contact with hazardous live parts.

Flammability Class

Classification of a material according to its ability to ignite, sustain combustion, and cease burning under a specified test.

Glow-Wire Test Temperature°C

Temperature of the heated wire used when testing the material or product against an ignition source.

User Authentication Supported

Indicates that access to network, web, API or remote configuration functions can require authenticated user credentials.

Encrypted Communication Supported

Indicates support for encrypted data communication through one or more manufacturer-supported communication services.

Supported TLS Versions

Transport Layer Security protocol versions supported for protected network communication.

Role-Based Access Control Supported

Indicates that user permissions can be differentiated by user role or authorization level.

Security Event Logging Supported

Indicates that security-relevant events such as authentication failures or configuration access can be recorded.

Secure Boot Supported

Indicates that the device verifies the integrity or authenticity of executable firmware during startup.

Signed Firmware Update Supported

Indicates that firmware update packages are cryptographically authenticated before installation.

Environmental Conditions21
Minimum Installation Temperature°C

Minimum ambient temperature at which the manufacturer permits installation of the product.

Maximum Installation Temperature°C

Maximum ambient temperature at which the manufacturer permits installation of the product.

Minimum Installation Altitudem

Minimum altitude relative to sea level for which the manufacturer specifies permissible installation conditions.

Minimum Operating Temperature°C

Minimum ambient temperature at which normal operation of the product is permitted.

Maximum Operating Temperature°C

Maximum ambient temperature at which normal operation of the product is permitted.

Maximum 24-Hour Average Temperature°C

Maximum permissible average ambient temperature over a consecutive 24-hour period.

Minimum Storage Temperature°C

Minimum ambient temperature permitted during storage of the product while not in operation.

Maximum Storage Temperature°C

Maximum ambient temperature permitted during storage of the product while not in operation.

Minimum Transport Temperature°C

Minimum ambient temperature permitted during transportation of the product.

Maximum Transport Temperature°C

Maximum ambient temperature permitted during transportation of the product.

Temperature Derating Required

Indicates whether permissible electrical or thermal loading must be reduced as temperature changes.

Temperature Derating Start°C

Temperature above which the permissible product load must be reduced.

Temperature Derating Curve Available

Indicates whether the manufacturer has published the relationship between permissible product load and temperature.

Minimum Relative Humidity%

Minimum relative air humidity permitted for the declared operating or test condition.

Maximum Relative Humidity%

Maximum relative air humidity permitted for the declared operating or test condition.

Non-Condensing Humidity

Indicates whether the permissible humidity value applies only to non-condensing conditions.

Maximum Installation Altitudem

Maximum altitude above sea level at which the product may be installed without exceeding the declared conditions.

Altitude Derating Required

Indicates whether the permissible product load must be reduced as installation altitude increases.

Altitude Derating Startm

Altitude above sea level above which the permissible product load must be reduced.

Vibration Resistant

Indicates whether the product's resistance to vibration has been verified under the declared conditions.

Mechanical Shock Resistant

Indicates whether the product's resistance to short-duration mechanical shocks has been verified.

Included Equipment6
Documentation Included

Indicates whether documentation is included in the product's standard supply.

Local HMI Present

Indicates whether a local human-machine interface (HMI) is provided for monitoring, configuration, or control.

Display Present

Indicates whether the product has an integrated local display.

Display Type

Technology or construction type of the product's integrated display.

Display Backlight

Indicates whether the integrated display has a backlight.

Real-Time Clock Present

Indicates whether an integrated real-time clock is provided for timekeeping, event time-stamping, or time-based functions.

Special Features55
Battery Voltage Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery voltage is internally monitored.

Battery Current Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery charging or discharging current is internally monitored.

Battery Temperature Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery temperature can be monitored by the product.

Battery Presence Monitoring Supported

Indicates that the product can detect whether the required battery is connected.

Battery Fault Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery faults or abnormal battery conditions can be detected.

Battery State of Charge Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery state of charge can be estimated, calculated or reported.

Battery State of Health Monitoring Supported

Indicates that battery state of health or degradation can be estimated or reported.

Cell Voltage Measurement Supported

Indicates that voltage of individual battery cells can be measured separately.

Cell Voltage Delta Monitoring Supported

Indicates monitoring of the voltage difference between the highest-voltage and lowest-voltage cells.

Battery Cell Temperature Monitoring Supported

Indicates monitoring of battery-cell or module temperature using dedicated temperature sensing channels.

Cell Balancing Supported

Indicates that the BMS can equalize state or voltage differences between battery cells.

Cell Balancing Method

Electrical method used by the BMS to balance battery cells.

Balancing During Charging Supported

Indicates that cell balancing can operate while the battery is charging.

Balancing During Discharge Supported

Indicates that cell balancing can operate while the battery is discharging.

State of Charge Calculation Methods

Methods used by the BMS to estimate or calculate battery state of charge.

State of Health Estimation Methods

Methods used by the BMS to estimate battery state of health or degradation.

Main Contactor Control Supported

Indicates that the BMS provides logic or outputs for control of the main battery contactor system.

Positive Contactor Control Supported

Indicates dedicated control of a positive-pole battery main contactor.

Negative Contactor Control Supported

Indicates dedicated control of a negative-pole battery main contactor.

Precharge Control Supported

Indicates that the BMS controls or supervises a precharge sequence before closing the main battery power path.

Precharge Contactor Control Supported

Indicates dedicated BMS control of a precharge contactor or relay.

Precharge Resistor Monitoring Supported

Indicates diagnostic supervision of the precharge resistor or precharge electrical path.

Contactor State Feedback Supported

Indicates that actual battery contactor state can be monitored through auxiliary feedback or equivalent diagnostics.

Charge Enable Output Supported

Indicates that the BMS provides an electrical or logical signal permitting an external charger to charge the battery.

Discharge Enable Output Supported

Indicates that the BMS provides an electrical or logical signal permitting an external load or converter to discharge the battery.

BMS Architecture

Overall architectural arrangement of the battery management system.

BMS Daisy-Chain Communication Supported

Indicates support for daisy-chain communication between BMS cell-monitoring or slave units.

Communication Supported

Indicates whether the product supports digital data exchange with external devices or systems.

Communication Protocols

List of supported digital data communication protocols.

Communication Interfaces

List of supported physical or logical digital communication interfaces.

Remote Configuration Supported

Indicates whether specified product settings can be read or changed remotely through a supported communication interface.

Remote Diagnostics Supported

Indicates whether diagnostic information, status data, or fault information can be obtained remotely.

Status LED Count

Number of integrated LEDs used to indicate product status or operating modes.

Event Log Supported

Indicates whether the product can store an internal event log.

Integrated Web Server

Indicates whether an integrated web server or web interface is provided for access to product functions.

Data Logger Supported

Indicates whether a data-logging function is provided for recording supported measurements, states, or process parameters.

Configurable Data Logger Trigger

Indicates whether the user can configure the condition that triggers or starts data logging.

Status Indicator Present

Indicates whether the product has a local visual or mechanical indicator of operating, fault, or end-of-life status.

Status Indicator Types

Types of local visual or mechanical status indication provided by the product design.

Firmware Updatable

Indicates that device firmware can be updated by a manufacturer-supported procedure.

Ethernet IP Address Assignment Methods

Supported methods for assigning network-layer addresses to the Ethernet interface.

IPv6 Supported

Indicates support for Internet Protocol version 6 communication.

Automatic Data Push Supported

Indicates that measured or logged data can be transmitted automatically without an explicit polling request.

Cloud Connectivity Supported

Indicates manufacturer-supported communication with a cloud or remote Internet service.

API Access Supported

Indicates that measurement, status or configuration data can be accessed through a documented application programming interface.

Supported API Types

Application programming interface types supported by the product or its integrated communication service.

Remote Firmware Update Supported

Indicates that firmware can be updated through a supported local or remote data communication interface.

Communication Watchdog Supported

Indicates that loss or inactivity of a communication link can be detected by an internal communication watchdog.

Configurable Communication Timeout

Indicates that the timeout used to detect communication loss or inactivity can be configured.

Minimum Communication Timeouts

Minimum configurable communication timeout.

Maximum Communication Timeouts

Maximum configurable communication timeout.

Communication Failure Alarm Supported

Indicates that loss of an expected communication connection can generate a local or remote alarm or diagnostic condition.

Communication Statistics Supported

Indicates that communication activity or communication health statistics can be read for diagnostic purposes.

Communication Error Counter Supported

Indicates that communication errors can be accumulated and read through the product diagnostics.

Communication Diagnostics Supported

Indicates that communication-interface faults, states or network conditions can be diagnosed by the product.

Standards and Compliance22
Manufacturer Declaration Available

Indicates whether a separate manufacturer declaration concerning declared product characteristics or conformity is available.

Conformity Regions

Regions or markets for which the manufacturer declares regulatory or certification compliance of the product.

Certification and Conformity Marks

Certification, market-approval, or conformity marks applicable to the product.

Primary Product Standard

Primary normative document or standard according to which the manufacturer classifies or assesses the product.

Additional Standards

Additional normative documents and standards declared by the manufacturer as applicable to the product.

Declaration of Conformity Available

Indicates whether an official declaration of conformity is available for the product.

Certificate Available

Indicates whether a certificate relating to the declared certification or conformity of the product is available.

Certificate Number

Identification number of the certificate relating to the product or its certified version.

Certification Body

Name of the organization that issued the certificate or performed the relevant conformity assessment.

Third-Party Tested

Indicates whether the product was tested by an organization independent of the manufacturer.

CE Marked

Indicates whether the CE marking is applied to the product where applicable.

UKCA Marked

Indicates whether the UKCA marking is applied to the product where applicable.

EAC Marked

Indicates whether the EAC marking is applied to the product where applicable.

UL Listed

Indicates whether the product has a declared UL Listed certification or recognition status.

UL Recognized

Indicates whether the product has a declared UL Recognized certification or recognition status.

cULus Marked

Indicates whether the cULus mark is applied to the product where applicable.

CSA Certified

Indicates whether the product has a declared CSA certification or recognition status.

TÜV Certified

Indicates whether the product has a declared TÜV certification or recognition status.

VDE Certified

Indicates whether the product has a declared VDE certification or recognition status.

RoHS Compliant

Indicates whether product compliance with applicable RoHS restrictions on hazardous substances has been declared.

REACH Compliant

Indicates whether the manufacturer declares compliance of the product with applicable REACH Regulation requirements.

WEEE Applicable

Indicates whether the product falls within the scope of WEEE requirements for waste electrical and electronic equipment.

Logistics11
Net Weightkg

Mass of the product itself, excluding transport packaging, additional accessories, and external equipment.

Country of Manufacture

Country in which the product was manufactured or its principal manufacturing operation was performed.

Gross Weightkg

Mass of the product together with its individual packaging and the accessories included in it.

Package Widthmm

External horizontal dimension of the product's individual package.

Package Heightmm

External vertical dimension of the product's individual package.

Package Depthmm

External depth dimension of the product's individual package.

Packaging Type

Design type of the product's individual or transport packaging.

Units per Package

Number of individual products contained in one packaging unit at the specified level.

Country of Origin

Country of origin of the goods declared for customs or commercial purposes.

HS Code

Commodity code under the international Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System.

Combined Nomenclature Code

Commodity code under the Combined Nomenclature of the European Union.